-
1 increase in costs
Экономика: рост издержек -
2 increase in costs
English-russian dctionary of contemporary Economics > increase in costs
-
3 increase in costs
-
4 major increase in costs
Общая лексика: значительный рост ценУниверсальный англо-русский словарь > major increase in costs
-
5 increase
1. n1) рост, увеличение2) прирост; надбавка
- across-the-board price increase
- across-the-board tariff increase
- actual increase
- additional increase
- annual increase
- average increase
- capital increase
- continuous increase
- cost increase
- cost-of-living increase
- dividend increase
- exorbitantincrease
- flat increase
- general price increase
- interest rate increase
- inventory increases
- limited increase
- merit increase
- natural increase
- one-off increase
- overall increase
- overall percentage increase
- pay increase
- percentage increase
- permitted increase
- population increase
- price increase
- rate increase
- rated increase
- seasonal price increase
- sharp increase
- single increase
- steady increase
- substantial increase
- tax increase
- top increase
- value-added increase
- wage increase
- weight increase
- year-over-year increase
- year-over-year quarterly increase in revenue
- increase in arrears
- increase in assets
- increase in bank lending
- increase in the bank rate
- increase in borrowing
- increase in business activity
- increase in capacity
- increase in capital investments
- increase in charges
- increase in the cost
- increase in costs
- increase in demand
- increase in deposits
- increase in the discount rate
- increase in duties
- increase in earnings
- increase in effective demand
- increase in efficiency
- increase in employment
- increase in exchange rate
- increase in expenses
- increase in global prices
- increase in imports
- increase in interest rates
- increase in inventory holdings
- increase in investments
- increase in issue
- increase in labour productivity
- increase in liabilities
- increase in manpower
- increase in the national income
- increase in nonpayments
- increase in output
- increase in pay
- increase in performance
- increase in population
- increase in prices
- increase in production
- increase in productivity
- increase in profitability
- increase in profits
- increase in the rate
- increase in rates
- increase in receipts
- increase in revenues
- increase in salary
- increase in the sale of shares
- increase in stocks
- increase in tariff
- increase in taxes
- increase in trade
- increase in traffic
- increase in turnover
- increase in value
- increase in the volume of trade
- increase in wages
- increase in the wages fund
- increase in weight
- increase in world prices
- increase of the amount of credit
- increase of banking credit
- increase of a bid
- increase of capital
- increase of capital stock
- increase of consumption
- increase of correspondent account balances
- increase of dividends
- increase of excise duties
- increase of exports
- increase of funds
- increase of hazard
- increase of imports
- increase of incomes
- increase of interest
- increase of liquid funds
- increase of money supply
- increase of premium
- increase of production capacities
- increase of purchasing power
- increase of a quota
- increase of receipts
- increase of rent
- increase of risk
- increase of salary
- increase of sales
- increase of stock
- increase of tariff rates
- increase in taxes
- increase of the tax burden
- increase of wages
- increase of yield
- absorb a price increase
- be on the increase
- get an increase in pay
- show an increase2. v1) увеличивать2) увеличиваться, возрастать
- increase the price
- increase in size
- increase in valueEnglish-russian dctionary of contemporary Economics > increase
-
6 increase
-
7 increase
1. nрост; прирост; увеличение; возрастание2. vувеличивать(ся); возрастать -
8 increase
1) рост; прирост2) увеличение; возрастание || увеличивать (ся); возрастать -
9 izmaksu pieaugums
▪ Terminilv ekon.ru нарастание затратru прирост затратLZAlvi▪ EuroTermBank terminiUzņ, Ek, Dokru нapacтaниe зaтpaтru пpиpocт зaтpaтETB -
10 near cash
!гос. фин. The resource budget contains a separate control total for “near cash” expenditure, that is expenditure such as pay and current grants which impacts directly on the measure of the golden rule.This paper provides background information on the framework for the planning and control of public expenditure in the UK which has been operated since the 1998 Comprehensive Spending Review (CSR). It sets out the different classifications of spending for budgeting purposes and why these distinctions have been adopted. It discusses how the public expenditure framework is designed to ensure both sound public finances and an outcome-focused approach to public expenditure.The UK's public spending framework is based on several key principles:"consistency with a long-term, prudent and transparent regime for managing the public finances as a whole;" "the judgement of success by policy outcomes rather than resource inputs;" "strong incentives for departments and their partners in service delivery to plan over several years and plan together where appropriate so as to deliver better public services with greater cost effectiveness; and"the proper costing and management of capital assets to provide the right incentives for public investment.The Government sets policy to meet two firm fiscal rules:"the Golden Rule states that over the economic cycle, the Government will borrow only to invest and not to fund current spending; and"the Sustainable Investment Rule states that net public debt as a proportion of GDP will be held over the economic cycle at a stable and prudent level. Other things being equal, net debt will be maintained below 40 per cent of GDP over the economic cycle.Achievement of the fiscal rules is assessed by reference to the national accounts, which are produced by the Office for National Statistics, acting as an independent agency. The Government sets its spending envelope to comply with these fiscal rules.Departmental Expenditure Limits ( DEL) and Annually Managed Expenditure (AME)"Departmental Expenditure Limit ( DEL) spending, which is planned and controlled on a three year basis in Spending Reviews; and"Annually Managed Expenditure ( AME), which is expenditure which cannot reasonably be subject to firm, multi-year limits in the same way as DEL. AME includes social security benefits, local authority self-financed expenditure, debt interest, and payments to EU institutions.More information about DEL and AME is set out below.In Spending Reviews, firm DEL plans are set for departments for three years. To ensure consistency with the Government's fiscal rules departments are set separate resource (current) and capital budgets. The resource budget contains a separate control total for “near cash” expenditure, that is expenditure such as pay and current grants which impacts directly on the measure of the golden rule.To encourage departments to plan over the medium term departments may carry forward unspent DEL provision from one year into the next and, subject to the normal tests for tautness and realism of plans, may be drawn down in future years. This end-year flexibility also removes any incentive for departments to use up their provision as the year end approaches with less regard to value for money. For the full benefits of this flexibility and of three year plans to feed through into improved public service delivery, end-year flexibility and three year budgets should be cascaded from departments to executive agencies and other budget holders.Three year budgets and end-year flexibility give those managing public services the stability to plan their operations on a sensible time scale. Further, the system means that departments cannot seek to bid up funds each year (before 1997, three year plans were set and reviewed in annual Public Expenditure Surveys). So the credibility of medium-term plans has been enhanced at both central and departmental level.Departments have certainty over the budgetary allocation over the medium term and these multi-year DEL plans are strictly enforced. Departments are expected to prioritise competing pressures and fund these within their overall annual limits, as set in Spending Reviews. So the DEL system provides a strong incentive to control costs and maximise value for money.There is a small centrally held DEL Reserve. Support from the Reserve is available only for genuinely unforeseeable contingencies which departments cannot be expected to manage within their DEL.AME typically consists of programmes which are large, volatile and demand-led, and which therefore cannot reasonably be subject to firm multi-year limits. The biggest single element is social security spending. Other items include tax credits, Local Authority Self Financed Expenditure, Scottish Executive spending financed by non-domestic rates, and spending financed from the proceeds of the National Lottery.AME is reviewed twice a year as part of the Budget and Pre-Budget Report process reflecting the close integration of the tax and benefit system, which was enhanced by the introduction of tax credits.AME is not subject to the same three year expenditure limits as DEL, but is still part of the overall envelope for public expenditure. Affordability is taken into account when policy decisions affecting AME are made. The Government has committed itself not to take policy measures which are likely to have the effect of increasing social security or other elements of AME without taking steps to ensure that the effects of those decisions can be accommodated prudently within the Government's fiscal rules.Given an overall envelope for public spending, forecasts of AME affect the level of resources available for DEL spending. Cautious estimates and the AME margin are built in to these AME forecasts and reduce the risk of overspending on AME.Together, DEL plus AME sum to Total Managed Expenditure (TME). TME is a measure drawn from national accounts. It represents the current and capital spending of the public sector. The public sector is made up of central government, local government and public corporations.Resource and Capital Budgets are set in terms of accruals information. Accruals information measures resources as they are consumed rather than when the cash is paid. So for example the Resource Budget includes a charge for depreciation, a measure of the consumption or wearing out of capital assets."Non cash charges in budgets do not impact directly on the fiscal framework. That may be because the national accounts use a different way of measuring the same thing, for example in the case of the depreciation of departmental assets. Or it may be that the national accounts measure something different: for example, resource budgets include a cost of capital charge reflecting the opportunity cost of holding capital; the national accounts include debt interest."Within the Resource Budget DEL, departments have separate controls on:"Near cash spending, the sub set of Resource Budgets which impacts directly on the Golden Rule; and"The amount of their Resource Budget DEL that departments may spend on running themselves (e.g. paying most civil servants’ salaries) is limited by Administration Budgets, which are set in Spending Reviews. Administration Budgets are used to ensure that as much money as practicable is available for front line services and programmes. These budgets also help to drive efficiency improvements in departments’ own activities. Administration Budgets exclude the costs of frontline services delivered directly by departments.The Budget preceding a Spending Review sets an overall envelope for public spending that is consistent with the fiscal rules for the period covered by the Spending Review. In the Spending Review, the Budget AME forecast for year one of the Spending Review period is updated, and AME forecasts are made for the later years of the Spending Review period.The 1998 Comprehensive Spending Review ( CSR), which was published in July 1998, was a comprehensive review of departmental aims and objectives alongside a zero-based analysis of each spending programme to determine the best way of delivering the Government's objectives. The 1998 CSR allocated substantial additional resources to the Government's key priorities, particularly education and health, for the three year period from 1999-2000 to 2001-02.Delivering better public services does not just depend on how much money the Government spends, but also on how well it spends it. Therefore the 1998 CSR introduced Public Service Agreements (PSAs). Each major government department was given its own PSA setting out clear targets for achievements in terms of public service improvements.The 1998 CSR also introduced the DEL/ AME framework for the control of public spending, and made other framework changes. Building on the investment and reforms delivered by the 1998 CSR, successive spending reviews in 2000, 2002 and 2004 have:"provided significant increase in resources for the Government’s priorities, in particular health and education, and cross-cutting themes such as raising productivity; extending opportunity; and building strong and secure communities;" "enabled the Government significantly to increase investment in public assets and address the legacy of under investment from past decades. Departmental Investment Strategies were introduced in SR2000. As a result there has been a steady increase in public sector net investment from less than ¾ of a per cent of GDP in 1997-98 to 2¼ per cent of GDP in 2005-06, providing better infrastructure across public services;" "introduced further refinements to the performance management framework. PSA targets have been reduced in number over successive spending reviews from around 300 to 110 to give greater focus to the Government’s highest priorities. The targets have become increasingly outcome-focused to deliver further improvements in key areas of public service delivery across Government. They have also been refined in line with the conclusions of the Devolving Decision Making Review to provide a framework which encourages greater devolution and local flexibility. Technical Notes were introduced in SR2000 explaining how performance against each PSA target will be measured; and"not only allocated near cash spending to departments, but also – since SR2002 - set Resource DEL plans for non cash spending.To identify what further investments and reforms are needed to equip the UK for the global challenges of the decade ahead, on 19 July 2005 the Chief Secretary to the Treasury announced that the Government intends to launch a second Comprehensive Spending Review (CSR) reporting in 2007.A decade on from the first CSR, the 2007 CSR will represent a long-term and fundamental review of government expenditure. It will cover departmental allocations for 2008-09, 2009-10 and 2010 11. Allocations for 2007-08 will be held to the agreed figures already announced by the 2004 Spending Review. To provide a rigorous analytical framework for these departmental allocations, the Government will be taking forward a programme of preparatory work over 2006 involving:"an assessment of what the sustained increases in spending and reforms to public service delivery have achieved since the first CSR. The assessment will inform the setting of new objectives for the decade ahead;" "an examination of the key long-term trends and challenges that will shape the next decade – including demographic and socio-economic change, globalisation, climate and environmental change, global insecurity and technological change – together with an assessment of how public services will need to respond;" "to release the resources needed to address these challenges, and to continue to secure maximum value for money from public spending over the CSR period, a set of zero-based reviews of departments’ baseline expenditure to assess its effectiveness in delivering the Government’s long-term objectives; together with"further development of the efficiency programme, building on the cross cutting areas identified in the Gershon Review, to embed and extend ongoing efficiency savings into departmental expenditure planning.The 2007 CSR also offers the opportunity to continue to refine the PSA framework so that it drives effective delivery and the attainment of ambitious national standards.Public Service Agreements (PSAs) were introduced in the 1998 CSR. They set out agreed targets detailing the outputs and outcomes departments are expected to deliver with the resources allocated to them. The new spending regime places a strong emphasis on outcome targets, for example in providing for better health and higher educational standards or service standards. The introduction in SR2004 of PSA ‘standards’ will ensure that high standards in priority areas are maintained.The Government monitors progress against PSA targets, and departments report in detail twice a year in their annual Departmental Reports (published in spring) and in their autumn performance reports. These reports provide Parliament and the public with regular updates on departments’ performance against their targets.Technical Notes explain how performance against each PSA target will be measured.To make the most of both new investment and existing assets, there needs to be a coherent long term strategy against which investment decisions are taken. Departmental Investment Strategies (DIS) set out each department's plans to deliver the scale and quality of capital stock needed to underpin its objectives. The DIS includes information about the department's existing capital stock and future plans for that stock, as well as plans for new investment. It also sets out the systems that the department has in place to ensure that it delivers its capital programmes effectively.This document was updated on 19 December 2005.Near-cash resource expenditure that has a related cash implication, even though the timing of the cash payment may be slightly different. For example, expenditure on gas or electricity supply is incurred as the fuel is used, though the cash payment might be made in arrears on aquarterly basis. Other examples of near-cash expenditure are: pay, rental.Net cash requirement the upper limit agreed by Parliament on the cash which a department may draw from theConsolidated Fund to finance the expenditure within the ambit of its Request forResources. It is equal to the agreed amount of net resources and net capital less non-cashitems and working capital.Non-cash cost costs where there is no cash transaction but which are included in a body’s accounts (or taken into account in charging for a service) to establish the true cost of all the resourcesused.Non-departmental a body which has a role in the processes of government, but is not a government public body, NDPBdepartment or part of one. NDPBs accordingly operate at arm’s length from governmentMinisters.Notional cost of a cost which is taken into account in setting fees and charges to improve comparability with insuranceprivate sector service providers.The charge takes account of the fact that public bodies donot generally pay an insurance premium to a commercial insurer.the independent body responsible for collecting and publishing official statistics about theUK’s society and economy. (At the time of going to print legislation was progressing tochange this body to the Statistics Board).Office of Government an office of the Treasury, with a status similar to that of an agency, which aims to maximise Commerce, OGCthe government’s purchasing power for routine items and combine professional expertiseto bear on capital projects.Office of the the government department responsible for discharging the Paymaster General’s statutoryPaymaster General,responsibilities to hold accounts and make payments for government departments and OPGother public bodies.Orange bookthe informal title for Management of Risks: Principles and Concepts, which is published by theTreasury for the guidance of public sector bodies.Office for NationalStatistics, ONS60Managing Public Money————————————————————————————————————————"GLOSSARYOverdraftan account with a negative balance.Parliament’s formal agreement to authorise an activity or expenditure.Prerogative powerspowers exercisable under the Royal Prerogative, ie powers which are unique to the Crown,as contrasted with common-law powers which may be available to the Crown on the samebasis as to natural persons.Primary legislationActs which have been passed by the Westminster Parliament and, where they haveappropriate powers, the Scottish Parliament and the Northern Ireland Assembly. Begin asBills until they have received Royal Assent.arrangements under which a public sector organisation contracts with a private sectorentity to construct a facility and provide associated services of a specified quality over asustained period. See annex 7.5.Proprietythe principle that patterns of resource consumption should respect Parliament’s intentions,conventions and control procedures, including any laid down by the PAC. See box 2.4.Public Accountssee Committee of Public Accounts.CommitteePublic corporationa trading body controlled by central government, local authority or other publiccorporation that has substantial day to day operating independence. See section 7.8.Public Dividend finance provided by government to public sector bodies as an equity stake; an alternative to Capital, PDCloan finance.Public Service sets out what the public can expect the government to deliver with its resources. EveryAgreement, PSAlarge government department has PSA(s) which specify deliverables as targets or aimsrelated to objectives.a structured arrangement between a public sector and a private sector organisation tosecure an outcome delivering good value for money for the public sector. It is classified tothe public or private sector according to which has more control.Rate of returnthe financial remuneration delivered by a particular project or enterprise, expressed as apercentage of the net assets employed.Regularitythe principle that resource consumption should accord with the relevant legislation, therelevant delegated authority and this document. See box 2.4.Request for the functional level into which departmental Estimates may be split. RfRs contain a number Resources, RfRof functions being carried out by the department in pursuit of one or more of thatdepartment’s objectives.Resource accountan accruals account produced in line with the Financial Reporting Manual (FReM).Resource accountingthe system under which budgets, Estimates and accounts are constructed in a similar wayto commercial audited accounts, so that both plans and records of expenditure allow in fullfor the goods and services which are to be, or have been, consumed – ie not just the cashexpended.Resource budgetthe means by which the government plans and controls the expenditure of resources tomeet its objectives.Restitutiona legal concept which allows money and property to be returned to its rightful owner. Ittypically operates where another person can be said to have been unjustly enriched byreceiving such monies.Return on capital the ratio of profit to capital employed of an accounting entity during an identified period.employed, ROCEVarious measures of profit and of capital employed may be used in calculating the ratio.Public Privatepartnership, PPPPrivate Finance Initiative, PFIParliamentaryauthority61Managing Public Money"————————————————————————————————————————GLOSSARYRoyal charterthe document setting out the powers and constitution of a corporation established underprerogative power of the monarch acting on Privy Council advice.Second readingthe second formal time that a House of Parliament may debate a bill, although in practicethe first substantive debate on its content. If successful, it is deemed to denoteParliamentary approval of the principle of the proposed legislation.Secondary legislationlaws, including orders and regulations, which are made using powers in primary legislation.Normally used to set out technical and administrative provision in greater detail thanprimary legislation, they are subject to a less intense level of scrutiny in Parliament.European legislation is,however,often implemented in secondary legislation using powers inthe European Communities Act 1972.Service-level agreement between parties, setting out in detail the level of service to be performed.agreementWhere agreements are between central government bodies, they are not legally a contractbut have a similar function.Shareholder Executive a body created to improve the government’s performance as a shareholder in businesses.Spending reviewsets out the key improvements in public services that the public can expect over a givenperiod. It includes a thorough review of departmental aims and objectives to find the bestway of delivering the government’s objectives, and sets out the spending plans for the givenperiod.State aidstate support for a domestic body or company which could distort EU competition and sois not usually allowed. See annex 4.9.Statement of Excessa formal statement detailing departments’ overspends prepared by the Comptroller andAuditor General as a result of undertaking annual audits.Statement on Internal an annual statement that Accounting Officers are required to make as part of the accounts Control, SICon a range of risk and control issues.Subheadindividual elements of departmental expenditure identifiable in Estimates as single cells, forexample cell A1 being administration costs within a particular line of departmental spending.Supplyresources voted by Parliament in response to Estimates, for expenditure by governmentdepartments.Supply Estimatesa statement of the resources the government needs in the coming financial year, and forwhat purpose(s), by which Parliamentary authority is sought for the planned level ofexpenditure and income.Target rate of returnthe rate of return required of a project or enterprise over a given period, usually at least a year.Third sectorprivate sector bodies which do not act commercially,including charities,social and voluntaryorganisations and other not-for-profit collectives. See annex 7.7.Total Managed a Treasury budgeting term which covers all current and capital spending carried out by the Expenditure,TMEpublic sector (ie not just by central departments).Trading fundan organisation (either within a government department or forming one) which is largely orwholly financed from commercial revenue generated by its activities. Its Estimate shows itsnet impact, allowing its income from receipts to be devoted entirely to its business.Treasury Minutea formal administrative document drawn up by the Treasury, which may serve a wide varietyof purposes including seeking Parliamentary approval for the use of receipts asappropriations in aid, a remission of some or all of the principal of voted loans, andresponding on behalf of the government to reports by the Public Accounts Committee(PAC).62Managing Public Money————————————————————————————————————————GLOSSARY63Managing Public MoneyValue for moneythe process under which organisation’s procurement, projects and processes aresystematically evaluated and assessed to provide confidence about suitability, effectiveness,prudence,quality,value and avoidance of error and other waste,judged for the public sectoras a whole.Virementthe process through which funds are moved between subheads such that additionalexpenditure on one is met by savings on one or more others.Votethe process by which Parliament approves funds in response to supply Estimates.Voted expenditureprovision for expenditure that has been authorised by Parliament. Parliament ‘votes’authority for public expenditure through the Supply Estimates process. Most expenditureby central government departments is authorised in this way.Wider market activity activities undertaken by central government organisations outside their statutory duties,using spare capacity and aimed at generating a commercial profit. See annex 7.6.Windfallmonies received by a department which were not anticipated in the spending review.———————————————————————————————————————— -
11 cost
1. n1) цена; стоимость; себестоимость2) обыкн. pl расходы, издержки, затраты3) pl судебные издержки, судебные расходы
- absorbed costs
- accident costs
- acquisition cost
- actual cost
- actual costs
- actual manufacturing cost
- added cost
- additional cost
- adjusted historical cost
- administration costs
- administrative costs
- administrative and management costs
- administrative and operational services costs
- advertising costs
- after costs
- after-shipment costs
- aggregate costs
- agreed cost
- airfreight cost
- allocable costs
- allowable costs
- alternative costs
- amortization costs
- amortized cost
- ancillary costs
- annual costs
- anticipated costs
- applied cost
- arbitration costs
- assembly costs
- assessed cost
- average cost
- average costs
- average cost per unit
- average variable costs
- avoidable costs
- back-order costs
- basic cost
- billed cost
- book cost
- borrowing cost
- breakage cost
- break-even costs
- budget costs
- budgeted cost
- budgeted costs
- budgeted operating costs
- building costs
- burden costs
- calculated costs
- capacity costs
- capital costs
- capital floatation costs
- carriage costs
- carrying cost
- carrying costs
- centrally-managed costs
- changeover costs
- cleaning costs
- clerical costs
- closing costs
- collection costs
- combined cost
- commercial cost
- commercial costs
- committed costs
- common staff costs
- comparative costs
- competitive costs
- competitive marginal costs
- complaint costs
- conditional cost
- consequential costs
- considerable costs
- constant cost
- constant costs
- construction costs
- contract cost
- contractual costs
- controllable costs
- court costs
- crane costs
- credit costs
- cumulative costs
- current cost
- current costs
- current outlay costs
- current standard cost
- cycle inventory costs
- debt-servicing costs
- declining costs
- decorating costs
- decreasing costs
- defect costs
- defence costs
- deferred costs
- deficiency costs
- degressive costs
- delivery costs
- departmental costs
- depleted cost
- depreciable cost
- depreciated cost
- depreciated replacement cost
- depreciation costs
- designing costs
- deterioration costs
- development costs
- differential costs
- direct costs
- direct labour costs
- direct operating costs
- direct payroll costs
- discretionary fixed costs
- dismantling costs
- distribution costs
- distribution marketing cost
- domestic resource costs
- double-weighted borrowing cost
- downtime costs
- economic costs
- eligible costs
- engineering costs
- entry cost
- environmental costs
- equipment capital costs
- erection costs
- escalating costs
- escapable costs
- estimated cost
- estimated costs
- evaluation cost
- excess cost
- excess costs
- excessive costs
- exhibition costs
- exploration costs
- extra costs
- extra and extraordinary costs
- extraordinary costs
- fabrication cost
- factor cost
- factor costs
- factory cost
- factory costs
- factory overhead costs
- failure costs
- farm production costs
- farmer's cost
- farming costs
- feed costs
- fertilizing costs
- final cost
- financial costs
- financing costs
- first cost
- fixed costs
- fixed capital replacement costs
- flat cost
- floatation costs
- food costs
- foreign housing costs
- formation costs
- freight costs
- fuel costs
- full cost
- full costs
- funding cost
- general costs
- general running costs
- government-controlled production costs
- guarantee costs
- harvesting costs
- haul costs
- haulage costs
- heavy costs
- hedging cost
- hidden costs
- high cost
- hiring costs
- historical cost
- hospitality costs
- hotel costs
- hourly costs
- idle capacity costs
- idle time costs
- implicit costs
- implied interest costs
- imputed costs
- incidental costs
- increasing costs
- incremental costs
- incremental cost of capital
- incremental costs of circulation
- incremental costs of service
- incurred costs
- indirect costs
- indirect labour costs
- indirect manufacturing costs
- indirect payroll costs
- indirect production costs
- individual costs
- industrial costs
- industry-average costs
- initial cost
- inland freight cost
- inspection costs
- installation costs
- insurance costs
- insured cost
- intangible costs
- integrated cost
- interest costs
- inventoriable costs
- inventory cost
- inventory costs
- inventory acquisition costs
- inventory possession costs
- investigation costs
- investment costs
- invoiced cost
- issuing cost
- joint cost
- labour costs
- landed cost
- launching cost
- launching costs
- layoff costs
- legal costs
- legitimate costs
- life cycle costs
- life repair cost
- liquidation cost
- litigation costs
- living costs
- loading costs
- loan cost
- long-run average costs
- long-run marginal costs
- low costs
- low operating costs
- lump-sum costs
- machining cost
- maintenance costs
- maintenance-and-repair costs
- management costs
- man-power cost
- man-power costs
- manufacturing cost
- manufacturing costs
- manufacturing overhead costs
- marginal costs
- marginal-factor costs
- maritime costs
- marketing costs
- material costs
- material handling costs
- merchandising costs
- miscellaneous costs
- mixed cost
- mounting costs
- net cost
- nominal cost
- nonmanufacturing costs
- obsolescence costs
- offering cost
- one-off costs
- one-off costs of acquiring land, buildings and equipment
- one-shot costs
- operating costs
- operation costs
- operational costs
- opportunity costs
- order cost
- ordering cost
- order initiation cost
- ordinary costs
- organization costs
- organizational costs
- original cost
- original cost of the assets
- original cost of capital
- out-of-pocket costs
- overall cost
- overall costs
- overhead costs
- overtime costs
- own costs
- owning costs
- packaging cost
- packing cost
- past costs
- past sunk costs
- payroll cost
- payroll costs
- penalty cost
- penalty costs
- period costs
- permissible costs
- personnel costs
- piece costs
- planned costs
- postponable costs
- predetermined costs
- prepaid costs
- preproduction costs
- prime cost
- processing costs
- procurement costs
- product cost
- production cost
- production costs
- product unit cost
- progress-generating costs
- progressive costs
- prohibitive costs
- project costs
- project development cost
- projected costs
- promotional costs
- protected costs
- publicity costs
- purchase costs
- purchasing costs
- pure costs of circulation
- quality costs
- quality-inspection costs
- real cost
- real costs
- recall costs
- reconstruction cost
- recoverable cost
- recurring costs
- reduction costs
- reimbursable cost
- relative cost
- relevant costs
- removal costs
- renewal cost
- reoperating costs
- reoperation costs
- reorder cost
- repair cost
- repair costs
- replacement cost
- replacement costs
- replacement cost at market rates
- replacement cost of borrowing
- replacement cost of capital assets
- replacement cost of equipment
- replacement depreciation cost
- replenishment cost
- reproduction cost
- reproduction costs
- research costs
- research and development costs
- reservation costs
- rework costs
- rising costs
- road maintenance costs
- running costs
- run-on costs
- salvage cost
- salvage costs
- scheduled costs
- scrap cost
- selling costs
- semi-variable costs
- service costs
- servicing costs
- setting-up costs
- set-up costs
- shadow costs
- shelter costs
- shipping costs
- shortage costs
- single cost
- social costs
- social marginal costs
- social overhead costs
- sorting costs
- special costs
- specification costs
- spoilage costs
- staff costs
- stand costs
- standard cost
- standard costs
- standard direct labour costs
- standard direct materials cost
- standard factory overhead cost
- standing costs
- start-up costs
- stepped costs
- stocking cost
- stockout costs
- storage costs
- sunk costs
- supervision costs
- supplementary costs
- supplementary costs of circulation
- tangible costs
- target cost
- target costs
- taxable cost of shares
- tentative cost
- time-related cost
- total cost
- training cost
- training costs
- transaction costs
- transfer costs
- transhipment costs
- transport costs
- transportation costs
- travel costs
- travelling costs
- trim costs
- true cost
- true costs
- trust cost
- unamortized cost
- unavoidable costs
- underwriting cost
- unexpired costs
- unit cost
- unit costs
- unloading costs
- unrecovered cost
- unscheduled costs
- upkeep costs
- upward costs
- utility's costs
- variable costs
- variable capital costs
- wage costs
- war costs
- warehouse costs
- warehousing costs
- weighted average cost
- welfare costs
- wintering costs
- working cost
- working costs
- costs for bunker
- costs for storing
- costs of administration
- cost of appraisal
- cost of arbitration
- cost of borrowing
- cost of boxing
- cost of bunker
- cost of capital
- cost of capital deeping
- cost of carriage
- cost of carry
- cost of carrying inventory
- costs of circulation
- cost of civil engineering work
- cost of construction
- cost of a contract
- cost of credit
- cost of delivery
- cost of demonstration
- cost of discounting
- cost of disposal
- cost of education
- cost of equipment
- cost of equity capital
- cost of filing
- cost of financing
- cost of fixed capital
- cost of funds
- cost of goods
- cost of haulage
- cost of hotel accommodation
- costs of housing
- costs of idleness
- cost of installation
- cost of insurance
- costs of inventory
- cost of issue
- cost of labour
- cost of a licence
- cost of living
- cost of manpower
- cost of manufacture
- cost of manufactured goods
- cost of manufacturing
- costs of material
- costs of material inputs
- cost of money
- cost of obtaining funds
- costs of operations
- cost of an order
- cost of packaging
- cost of packing
- cost of postage
- costs of production
- cost of product sold
- cost of a project
- cost of publication
- cost of putting goods into a saleable condition
- cost of reclamation
- cost of reinsurance
- costs of reliability
- cost of renting
- cost of renting a trading post
- cost of repairs
- costs of routine maintenance
- cost of sales
- costs of sales
- cost of scrap
- cost of service
- cost of servicing
- costs of shipping
- cost of storage
- cost of a suit
- costs of supervision
- cost of tare
- costs of trackage
- costs of transportation
- cost of work
- cost per inquiry
- costs per unit
- above cost
- at cost
- at the cost of
- at extra cost
- below cost
- less costs
- minus costs
- next to cost
- under cost
- with costs
- without regard to cost
- exclusive of costs
- free of cost
- cost of market, whichever is lower
- cost plus percentage of cost
- absorb costs
- allocate costs
- assess the cost
- assess costs
- assume costs
- award costs against smb.
- bear costs
- calculate costs
- charge cost
- compute the cost
- cover the cost
- cover costs
- curb costs
- curtail costs
- cut down on costs
- cut production costs
- decrease the cost
- defray the costs
- determine the cost
- disregard costs
- distort the cost
- distribute costs
- entail costs
- estimate costs
- exceed the cost
- impose costs
- increase cost
- incur costs
- inflict economic and social costs
- involve costs
- itemize costs
- keep down costs
- meet the cost
- meet costs
- offset the cost
- offset the costs
- offset high interest costs
- overestimate production costs
- pay costs
- prune away costs
- push up costs
- recompense the cost
- recoup the cost
- recover costs
- reduce costs
- refund the cost
- revise the cost
- save costs
- sell at a cost
- share the cost
- slash costs
- split up the cost
- trim costs
- write off costs
- write off costs against revenues
- write off capital costs2. v1) стоить -
12 cost
-
13 cost
1. nиздержки; затраты; расходы; тж перен. цена; стоимостьto bear costs — нести издержки / затраты
to cut the costs — сокращать затраты / расходы
to increase costs — увеличивать затраты / расходы
to keep the rise in the cost of living within certain bounds — удерживать рост стоимости жизни в определенных пределах
to lower the costs — сокращать затраты / расходы
to meet the costs — оплачивать / покрывать расходы
to minimize the costs — сводить затраты / расходы к минимуму
to offset costs — компенсировать затраты / расходы
to pay the costs — оплачивать издержки / затраты / расходы
to reduce the costs — сокращать затраты / расходы
- actual coststo reimburse the cost — возмещать стоимость чего-л.
- additional costs
- administrative costs
- annual costs
- average cost
- capital costs
- cost of exports
- cost of imports
- cost of living
- cost of transport
- court costs
- current costs
- development cost
- direct costs
- estimated cost
- extraordinary cost
- extraordinary costs
- foreign-exchange cost
- indirect costs
- labor costs
- law costs
- legal costs
- living costs
- maintenance costs
- material costs
- monetary cost
- operating costs
- prime cost
- production costs
- salary costs
- staff costs
- target costs
- total cost
- unscheduled costs
- wage costs
- war costs 2. cost, costvстоить, обходиться -
14 cost
1. сущ.1) эк. стоимость, затраты, издержки редк. цена (величина затрат, которые необходимо совершить, чтобы получить что-л.; характеристика предмета или действия; как правило, выражается в денежном выражении, но в некоторых случаях может быть в натуральном выражении; как правило, во всех случаях можно использовать перевод "цена", но это изменяет риторику текста, подчеркивая важность этих затрат)cost of [smth\] — стоимость чего-л., цена чего-л.
at a high cost — по высокой цене, с высокими затратами
His need for self-expression can be satisfied, but at a high cost.
As it now stands, nursing homes deliver a low perceived value at a high cost.
It is good practice to charge costs as direct where possible. — Хорошим правилом является начисление максимально большого числа затрат как прямых затрат.
A mortgage helps you buy your home, but there are many additional costs that you need to consider. — Ипотека помогает вам купить дом, но вы должны понимать, что в этом случае имеют место некоторые дополнительные расходы.
See:CHILD [object\]: abandonment cost, above-the-line cost, administrative cost, advertising cost, agency cost, amortized cost, bankruptcy cost, bond issue cost, borrowing cost, budgeted cost, collection cost, cost of insurance charge, credit subsidy cost, debt service cost, acquisition cost, cost of production, cost of capital, cost of living, cost of sales, flotation cost, interest cost, imputed cost, inventory carrying cost, inventory ordering cost, opportunity cost, out-of-pocket costs, past service cost, pension cost, replacement cost, reproduction cost, salary cost CHILD [type\]: absolute cost, accounting cost, alternative cost, annual equivalent cost, depreciated cost, economic cost, explicit cost, fixed cost, hidden cost, implicit cost, mixed cost, normal cost, overhead cost, true interest cost, variable cost CHILD [agent\]: cost appraiser, cost estimator, cost to consumer, cost function, cost price, below cost, cost and freight, cost and insurance, cost, insurance, freight, cost, insurance, freight, cost, insurance, freight2)а) мн., эк. издержки, затраты (величина затрат, которые несет какое-л. лицо в своей деятельности; как правило, идет речь о компании; может употребляться без уточнения типа затрат)If the company's costs increase 4 percent, it can raise prices 6 percent. — Если затраты компании увеличатся на 4 процента, это может привести к повышению цен на 6 процентов.
However, company's costs also rose and, in the early 1980s, the company was forced to downsize and concentrate its stores on paint and wallpaper.
to cut [reduce\] costs — снижать затраты
The company reduces its costs by eliminating some of its obligations to its employees. — Компания снижает свои затраты, отказываясь от части обязательств перед своими работниками.
These measures taken together are expected to cut costs by 30–50%. — Можно ожидать, что все эти меры вместе приведут к снижению затрат на 30–50%
Syn:See:cost accountant, costs accountant, cost advantage, cost analyst, cost budgeting, cost centre, cost sharing, benefit-cost ratio, cost-benefit analysis, cost-volume-profit analysis, factors of productionб) мн., юр. судебные издержки [расходы\]2. гл.with costs — с возложением судебных издержек на сторону, проигравшую дело
1) эк. стоить (о цене, выраженной в денежном эквиваленте); обходитьсяThis car costs only $24 000. — Эта машина стоит всего лишь 24 тыс. долл.
2) общ. требовать (усилий, страданий и т. д.); обходитьсяThe city whose conquest had cost him so dear. — Город, завоевание которого обошлось ему так дорого.
* * *
затраты, стоимость, цена: первоначальные или долгосрочные затраты (прямые, косвенные, денежные и неденежные), которые имеют место при приобретении, производстве, предоставлении товаров или услуг; см. acquisition cost;* * *издержки; затраты; расходы; себестоимость; стоимость;, себестоимость. . Словарь экономических терминов .* * *издержки, расходызатрата, как правило, денег на покупку товаров и услуг; расходы, обычно денежные, понесенные для достижения цели (расходы на производство определенных товаров, возведение фабрики или закрытие отделения)см. opportunity cost -
15 taxation
tækˈseɪʃən сущ.
1) обложение налогом;
налогообложение;
взимание налога double taxation increase of taxation supplementary taxation
2) размер, сумма налога heavy taxation
3) доход от налогообложения
4) юр. установление размера судебных издержек обложение налогом;
налогообложение;
взимание налога - double * двойное обложение - increase of *, supplementary * повышение налогов;
рост налогового бремени размер налога - heavy * большие налоги доход от налогообложения (юридическое) установление размера судебных издержек (лесохозяйственное) таксация;
определение ежегодного прироста древесины assessed ~ налогообложение business ~ налогообложение предпринимателя business ~ налогообложение торгово-промышленного предприятия capital gains ~ обложение налогом прироста капитала city ~ обложение муниципальным налогом company ~ налогообложение компании company ~ налогообложение компаний consumer ~ налогообложение потребителя cooperative ~ совместное налогообложение corporate ~ налогообложение корпорации cumulative ~ совокупное налогообложение current ~ действующее налогообложение deferred ~ отсроченная уплата налогов deferred ~ отсроченное налогообложение direct ~ прямое налогообложение double ~ двойное налогообложение double ~ convention соглашение о защите от двойного налогообложения dual ~ двойное налогообложение energy ~ налогообложение энергоресурсов exemption from ~ освобождение от налогообложения faculty principle of ~ факультативный принцип налогообложения fair ~ справедливое налогообложение graduated ~ прогрессивное налогообложение group ~ налогообложение группы компаний incentive ~ стимулирующее налогообложение income ~ обложение подоходным налогом indirect ~ косвенное налогообложение institutional ~ установленное налогообложение intermunicipal ~ межмуниципальное налогообложение joint ~ общее налогообложение land ~ земельная таксация land ~ таксация земли land value ~ налогообложение стоимости земли local ~ местное налогообложение municipal ~ муниципальное налогообложение national ~ государственное налогообложение progressive ~ прогрессивное налогообложение property ~ налогообложение имущества regressive ~ регрессивное налогообложение specific ~ специальное налогообложение spouse ~ взимание налогов с одного из супругов state ~ государственное налогообложение supplementary ~ дополнительное налогоообложение taxation взимание налогов ~ налогообложение ~ обложение налогом;
взимание налога ~ размер, сумма налога ~ таксация (судебных издержек) Taxation: Taxation: ~ of Foundations Act Закон о налогообложении общественных фондов taxation: taxation: ~ of income взимание подоходного налога ~ of capital налогообложение капитала ~ of capital gains on bonds налогообложение дохода от облигаций ~ of capital gains on securities налогообложение дохода от ценных бумаг ~ of capital gains on shares налогообложение дохода от акций ~ of capital yield налогообложение дохода от капитала ~ of consumption налогообложение потребления ~ of corporations налогообложение корпораций ~ of costs налогообложение затрат ~ of costs таксация судебных издержек ~ of foundations налогообложение общественных фондов taxation: ~ of income взимание подоходного налога ~ of income and property налогообложение доходов и имущества ~ of motor vehicles налогообложение автотранспортных средств ~ of pensions налогообложение пенсий ~ of profit взимание налога на прибыли ~ of profit from sale of real property взимание налога на прибыли от продажи недвижимости ~ of property налогообложение имущества ~ of real estate налогообложение недвижимого имущества ~ of real property налогообложение недвижимого имущества ~ of shareholders налогообложение акционеров ~ of trusts налогообложение доверительных фондов ~ on real estate and working assets налогообложение недвижимости и оборотного капиталаБольшой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > taxation
-
16 production
n1) изготовление; производство2) продукция•to cut (back) production — свертывать / сокращать производство
to diversify production — диверсифицировать / разнообразить продукцию
to limit production — ограничивать / сокращать производство
- anarchy of productionto reduce production — свертывать / сокращать производство
- animal production
- annual production
- arms production
- atomic power and energy production
- automation of production
- batch production
- coal production
- commercial production
- commodity production
- comprehensive mechanization of production
- continuous production
- costs of production
- crop production
- current production
- curtailment ofproduction
- cutback of production
- cuts in production
- daily production
- decline in production
- domestic production
- drop in production
- economically effective production
- effectiveness of production
- end production
- energy production - fertilizer production
- fishing production
- flexible production
- flow production
- food production
- full-scale production of the neutron bomb
- global production
- high production
- high-cost production
- highly organized production
- highly remunerative production
- improvement of effectiveness of production
- improvement of production
- individual production
- industrial production
- joint production
- labor-intensive production
- lagging industrial production
- large-scale production - line production
- machine mode of production
- mass production
- material production
- means of production
- mechanized production
- mode of production
- nonspecialized production
- nonwaste production
- per capita production
- per head production
- pilot production
- planned production
- power production
- production advances rapidly
- production declines
- production decreases
- production falls
- production increases
- production of consumer goods
- production of illicit alcohol
- production of means of production
- production outstrips demand
- production rises
- profitable production
- public production
- rate of production
- runaway production
- scale of production
- self-reliance in production
- self-sufficiency in production
- serial production
- short-run production
- small-scale production
- social character of production
- social production - sphere of material production
- stagnant production
- steel production
- structure of industrial production
- subsidiary production
- subsistence production
- switchover from military to civilian production
- technical reequipment of production - total world production
- unequally distributed food production
- uninterrupted development of production
- unprofitable production - war production
- waste-free production
- wasteful production
- wasteless production
- well organized production
- world production -
17 overhead
- служебный поток (данных)
- служебные сигналы или данные
- служебная нагрузка, заголовок
- накладные расходы
- накладные (о расходах)
- надземный (о трубопроводе)
- надземный
- косвенные затраты
- дополнение (символа штрихового кода)
- долговременная маркировка
- головной погон
- воздушный (о ЛЭП)
- воздушный (о линии)
- верхний погон
- административно-хозяйственные расходы
административно-хозяйственные расходы
—
[ http://slovarionline.ru/anglo_russkiy_slovar_neftegazovoy_promyishlennosti/]Тематики
EN
верхний погон
верхний
головной
отбираемый с верха (колонны)
—
[ http://slovarionline.ru/anglo_russkiy_slovar_neftegazovoy_promyishlennosti/]Тематики
Синонимы
EN
воздушный (о ЛЭП)
—
[А.С.Гольдберг. Англо-русский энергетический словарь. 2006 г.]Тематики
EN
- overhead
- OH
воздушный (о линии)
—
[Я.Н.Лугинский, М.С.Фези-Жилинская, Ю.С.Кабиров. Англо-русский словарь по электротехнике и электроэнергетике, Москва, 1999 г.]Тематики
- электротехника, основные понятия
EN
- overhead
- OH
головной погон
Высоколетучая фракция исходного сырья, отбираемая сверху ректификационной колонны.
[СТ РК ИСО 1998-1-2004 (ИСО 1998-1:1998, IDT)]Тематики
EN
дополнение (символа штрихового кода)
Часть символа штрихового кода, дополняющая знаки символа, кодирующие данные, для придания символу установленной структуры, и состоящая из вспомогательных и контрольных знаков символа.
[ ГОСТ 30721-2000]
[ ГОСТ Р 51294.3-99]Тематики
EN
DE
FR
косвенные затраты
(ITIL Service Strategy) Затраты на предоставление ИТ-услуги, которые не могут быть полностью отнесены на конкретного заказчика. Например, затраты на общие серверы или лицензии программного обеспечения. Также известны как издержки. См. тж. прямые затраты.
[Словарь терминов ITIL версия 1.0, 29 июля 2011 г.]
косвенные затраты
1. В межотраслевом балансе — затраты, которые входят в данный продукт не непосредственно (как прямые затраты), а через затраты сопряженных отраслей. Например, если точно известно, сколько электроэнергии тратится на изготовление одного автомобиля на заводе, то еще нельзя ответить на простой вопрос: насколько надо увеличить производство электроэнергии в будущем году, чтобы вдвое увеличить выпуск машин? Потому что электроэнергия нужна не только на данном заводе, но и для выпуска проката на металлургическом комбинате, и для выплавки стали, добычи руды, изготовления тех дополнительных автомобилей, которые потребуются для доставки руды. На практике ограничиваются несколькими кругами затрат (их называют К.з. первого, второго, третьего и т.д. порядка, или цикла, или концентра). Поскольку затраты очень высоких порядков абсолютно и относительно невелики, подсчет прерывается на том из них, который позволяет получить хотя и приблизительные, но достаточно надежные результаты. При расчетах МОБ можно обойтись и без отдельного трудоемкого подытоживания К.з. и непосредственно получить коэффициенты полных затрат, а отсюда и все искомые показатели сбалансированного плана. 2. В теории оптимальных оценок К.з. (термин Л.В.Канторовича), или, что то же самое, затраты обратной связи (термин В.В.Новожилова), означают увеличение затрат труда в народном хозяйстве, обусловленное тем, что приращение производства любого продукта уменьшает возможность применения некоторых (лучших) средств труда на других участках народного хозяйства и ведет к использованию на таких участках менее совершенной техники и худших естественных ресурсов (см. подробнее: Дифференциальные затраты народного хозяйства по данному продукту). Ср. Альтернативные издержки, альтернативная стоимость. 3. Связанные с производством продукции расходы, представленные расходами на содержание и эксплуатацию оборудования, зданий, на зарплату вспомогательным рабочим, ИТР и др., которые нельзя прямо отнести на себестоимость данной продукции. Они включаются в себестоимость специальными расчетными методами.
[ http://slovar-lopatnikov.ru/]EN
indirect cost
(ITIL Service Strategy) The cost of providing an IT service which cannot be allocated in full to a specific customer – for example, the cost of providing shared servers or software licences. Also known as overhead. See also direct cost.
[Словарь терминов ITIL версия 1.0, 29 июля 2011 г.]Тематики
Синонимы
EN
надземный
верхний
воздушный
подвесной
—
[ http://slovarionline.ru/anglo_russkiy_slovar_neftegazovoy_promyishlennosti/]Тематики
Синонимы
EN
надземный (о трубопроводе)
—
[А.С.Гольдберг. Англо-русский энергетический словарь. 2006 г.]Тематики
EN
- overhead
- OH
накладные (о расходах)
—
[А.С.Гольдберг. Англо-русский энергетический словарь. 2006 г.]Тематики
EN
- overhead
- OH
накладные расходы
—
[ http://www.iks-media.ru/glossary/index.html?glossid=2400324]
накладные расходы
Расходы на хозяйственное обслуживание производства и управление; являются дополнительными к основным затратам на производство и наряду с ними, по специальным правилам расчета, включаются в полную себестоимость продукции. См. Затраты, Калькулирование методом полного распределения затрат, Коэффициенты списания накладных затрат.
[ http://slovar-lopatnikov.ru/]Тематики
- экономика
- электросвязь, основные понятия
EN
служебная нагрузка, заголовок
(МСЭ-T G.707/ Y.1322 МСЭ-T G.709/ Y.1331).
[ http://www.iks-media.ru/glossary/index.html?glossid=2400324]Тематики
- электросвязь, основные понятия
EN
- overhead
- OH
служебные сигналы или данные
воздушный
подвесной
надземный
верхний
дополнительный
вспомогательный (об операции)
—
[Л.Г.Суменко. Англо-русский словарь по информационным технологиям. М.: ГП ЦНИИС, 2003.]Тематики
Синонимы
EN
служебный поток (данных)
заголовок
Доля пропускной способности системы, расходуемая на передачу служебного (собственного) трафика сети, который в процессе передачи добавляется к полезной информации. См. section ~.
[Л.М. Невдяев. Телекоммуникационные технологии. Англо-русский толковый словарь-справочник. Под редакцией Ю.М. Горностаева. Москва, 2002]Тематики
- электросвязь, основные понятия
Синонимы
EN
04.02.27 долговременная маркировка [ permanent marking]: Изображение, полученное с помощью интрузивного или неинтрузивного маркирования, которое должно оставаться различимым, как минимум, в течение установленного срока службы изделия.
Сравнить с терминологической статьей «соединение» по ИСО/МЭК19762-11).
______________
1)Терминологическая статья 04.02.27 не связана с указанной терминологической статьей.
<2>4 Сокращения
ECI интерпретация в расширенном канале [extended channel interpretation]
DPM прямое маркирование изделий [direct part marking]
BWA коррекция ширины штриха [bar width adjustment]
BWC компенсация ширины штриха [barwidth compensation]
CPI число знаков на дюйм [characters per inch]
PCS сигнал контраста печати [print contrast signal]
ORM оптический носитель данных [optically readable medium]
FoV поле обзора [field of view]
Алфавитный указатель терминов на английском языке
(n, k)symbology
04.02.13
add-on symbol
03.02.29
alignment pattern
04.02.07
aperture
02.04.09
auto discrimination
02.04.33
auxiliary character/pattern
03.01.04
background
02.02.05
bar
02.01.05
bar code character
02.01.09
bar code density
03.02.14
barcode master
03.02.19
barcode reader
02.04.05
barcode symbol
02.01.03
bar height
02.01.16
bar-space sequence
02.01.20
barwidth
02.01.17
barwidth adjustment
03.02.21
barwidth compensation
03.02.22
barwidth gain/loss
03.02.23
barwidth increase
03.02.24
barwidth reduction
03.02.25
bearer bar
03.02.11
binary symbology
03.01.10
characters per inch
03.02.15
charge-coupled device
02.04.13
coded character set
02.01.08
column
04.02.11
compaction mode
04.02.15
composite symbol
04.02.14
contact scanner
02.04.07
continuous code
03.01.12
corner marks
03.02.20
data codeword
04.02.18
data region
04.02.17
decodability
02.02.28
decode algorithm
02.02.01
defect
02.02.22
delineator
03.02.30
densitometer
02.02.18
depth of field (1)
02.04.30
depth of field (2)
02.04.31
diffuse reflection
02.02.09
direct part marking
04.02.24
discrete code
03.01.13
dot code
04.02.05
effective aperture
02.04.10
element
02.01.14
erasure
04.02.21
error correction codeword
04.02.19
error correction level
04.02.20
even parity
03.02.08
field of view
02.04.32
film master
03.02.18
finder pattern
04.02.08
fixed beam scanner
02.04.16
fixed parity
03.02.10
fixed pattern
04.02.03
flat-bed scanner
02.04.21
gloss
02.02.13
guard pattern
03.02.04
helium neon laser
02.04.14
integrated artwork
03.02.28
intercharacter gap
03.01.08
intrusive marking
04.02.25
label printing machine
02.04.34
ladder orientation
03.02.05
laser engraver
02.04.35
latch character
02.01.24
linear bar code symbol
03.01.01
magnification factor
03.02.27
matrix symbology
04.02.04
modular symbology
03.01.11
module (1)
02.01.13
module (2)
04.02.06
modulo
03.02.03
moving beam scanner
02.04.15
multi-row symbology
04.02.09
non-intrusive marking
04.02.26
odd parity
03.02.07
omnidirectional
03.01.14
omnidirectional scanner
02.04.20
opacity
02.02.16
optically readable medium
02.01.01
optical throw
02.04.27
orientation
02.04.23
orientation pattern
02.01.22
oscillating mirror scanner
02.04.19
overhead
03.01.03
overprinting
02.04.36
pad character
04.02.22
pad codeword
04.02.23
permanent marking
04.02.27
photometer
02.02.19
picket fence orientation
03.02.06
pitch
02.04.26
pixel
02.04.37
print contrast signal
02.02.20
printability gauge
03.02.26
printability test
02.02.21
print quality
02.02.02
quiet zone
02.01.06
raster
02.04.18
raster scanner
02.04.17
reading angle
02.04.22
reading distance
02.04.29
read rate
02.04.06
redundancy
03.01.05
reference decode algorithm
02.02.26
reference threshold
02.02.27
reflectance
02.02.07
reflectance difference
02.02.11
regular reflection
02.02.08
resolution
02.01.15
row
04.02.10
scanner
02.04.04
scanning window
02.04.28
scan, noun (1)
02.04.01
scan, noun (2)
02.04.03
scan reflectance profile
02.02.17
scan, verb
02.04.02
self-checking
02.01.21
shift character
02.01.23
short read
03.02.12
show through
02.02.12
single line (beam) scanner
02.04.11
skew
02.04.25
slot reader
02.04.12
speck
02.02.24
spectral response
02.02.10
spot
02.02.25
stacked symbology
04.02.12
stop character/pattern
03.01.02
structured append
04.02.16
substitution error
03.02.01
substrate
02.02.06
symbol architecture
02.01.04
symbol aspect ratio
02.01.19
symbol character
02.01.07
symbol check character
03.02.02
symbol density
03.02.16
symbology
02.01.02
symbol width
02.01.18
tilt
02.04.24
transmittance (l)
02.02.14
transmittance (2)
02.02.15
truncation
03.02.13
two-dimensional symbol (1)
04.02.01
two-dimensional symbol (2)
04.02.02
two-width symbology
03.01.09
variable parity encodation
03.02.09
verification
02.02.03
verifier
02.02.04
vertical redundancy
03.01.06
void
02.02.23
wand
02.04.08
wide: narrow ratio
03.01.07
X dimension
02.01.10
Y dimension
02.01.11
Z dimension
02.01.12
zero-suppression
03.02.17
<2>Приложение ДА1)
______________
1)
Источник: ГОСТ Р ИСО/МЭК 19762-2-2011: Информационные технологии. Технологии автоматической идентификации и сбора данных (АИСД). Гармонизированный словарь. Часть 2. Оптические носители данных (ОНД) оригинал документа
Англо-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > overhead
-
18 leverage
1. сущ.1) общ. сила, усилие; рычаг (усиление какой-л. нагрузки благодаря принципу рычага)The spade and fork have longer shafts, providing better leverage. — Лопата и вилы имеют длинные ручки, которые обеспечивают выигрыш в силе.
See:2) общ. рычаг (в социальном взаимодействии: фактор воздействия, с помощью которого можно добиться необходимого результата)See:3) фин. левередж, леверидж, рычаг, кредитное плечоа) (использование заемных средств для финансирования деятельности компании или конкретного инвестиционного проекта; характеризуется соотношением заемного и собственного капитала)Syn:See:leverage rebalancing, positive leverage, negative leverage, high-leverage firm, leveraged buy-out, leverage clientele 1), leverage ratio, homemade leverageб) банк. (использование средств, приобретенных на межбанковском рынке, или средств из депозитов для финансирования приобретения активов, приносящих доход, напр., для предоставления займов)To keep leverage from getting too high, which might happen if banks grow too rapidly or make too many risky loans, commercial banks and savings institutions have to keep minimum levels of equity capital in relation to total assets. — Для того, чтобы удержать уровень левереджа от слишком большого роста, что может произойти в случае, если банки будут расти слишком быстро или будут давать слишком рисковые займы, коммерческие банки и сберегательные институты должны соблюдать требование поддерживать минимальный уровень отношения собственного капитала к суммарным активам.
See:в) фин. = operating leverage4) фин. рычаг (увеличение дохода или стоимости без увеличения капиталовложений; напр., в срочной сделке для получения определенной прибыли нужно иметь меньше средств, чем в наличной; для этого могут использоваться опционные контракты, варранты и другие инструменты)A firm issuing long-term bonds may be able to earn a higher rate of return from the bond proceeds, which are often invested in capital equipment, than what it pays the bondholders in interest. The result is financial leverage or capital leverage, because any increase in earnings benefits the corporate owners, not the bondholders. — Фирма, эмитирующая долгосрочные облигации, может получать более высокий уровень доходности от пролонгации этих ранее выпущенных облигаций, средства от которого часто инвестируются в капитальное оборудование, а не направляются на выплату процента по облигациям их держателям. Результатом этих действий является финансовый, или капитальный рычаг, поскольку в этом случае любое увеличение доходов обогащает собственников корпорации, а не держателей облигаций.
See:money management, leverage clientele 2), margin trading, option contract, warrant 4) в), leverage contract, leverage trading2. гл.1) общ. усиливать; использовать рычаг2) фин. использовать кредит (для приобретения ценных бумаг, финансирования деятельности компании и т. д.)See:deleverage, financial leverage, leveraged buy-out, leveraged investment, leveraged lease, leveraged recapitalization
* * *
"леверидж" (США) ("действие рычага", "рычаг"): 1) возможность более высокой прибыли или убытков в результате непропорциональной зависимости двух факторов, т. е. увеличение дохода или стоимости без увеличения капиталовложений; (напр., в срочной сделке для получения равной прибыли нужно иметь меньше средств, чем в наличной); для этого могут использоваться опционные контракты, варранты и др. инструменты; 2) финансовый "леверидж": соотношение между акционерным и заемным капиталом; более высокий потенциал прибыли благодаря использованию заемных средств; = debt-to-equity ratio; financial leverage; 3) операционный "леверидж": соотношение между фиксированными и переменными затратами компании, которое отражает чувствительность прибыли компании к увеличению объема продаж; чем выше фиксированные затраты по сравнению с переменными, тем быстрее растет прибыль при увеличении объема продаж; = operating leverage; 4) инвестиции: средства повышения доходности или стоимости инвестиций без увеличения суммы инвестиций (напр., речь может идти о покупке ценных бумаг в кредит, покупке конвертируемых облигаций, варрантов, опционов и т. д., т. к. возрастает потенциал прибыли); = gearing.* * ** * *Левередж, эффект рычага'. Ситуация, при которой относительно небольшое изменение цены может привести к огромным колебаниям в стоимости активов на счете. Возможность получения более высокой прибыли без увеличения капиталовложений. Соотношение использования собственных и заимствованных денег, для проведения торговых операций; кредит, предоставляемый банком клиенту, для проведения операций margin trading; . 1. Financial leverage is the act of increasing the return on an investment by borrowing some of the funds at an interest rate less than your return on the project. 2. Operating leverage has the same objective, but you increase your return by increasing cheaper fixed costs. Leverage can be positive or negative. If the return on an investment is greater than the cost of borrowing, leverage is positive. If the return is less, leverage is negative. Глоссарий по опционам . -
19 escalate
1. v подниматься на эскалаторе2. v обострять3. v обостряться4. v ввергать5. v расти, увеличиваться6. v увеличивать, повышатьСинонимический ряд:1. ascend (verb) ascend; escalade; mount; scale; upclimb; upgo2. expand (verb) broaden; expand; grow; heighten; intensify; step up3. increase (verb) accelerate; build; burgeon; climb; increase; magnify; multiply; riseАнтонимический ряд:decrease; limit -
20 double
ˈdʌbl
1. сущ.
1) двойное количество 12 is the double of
6. ≈ 12 в два раза больше
6.
2) комната, номер на двоих( в гостинице и т. п.)
3) а) двойник, копия She is the double of her mother as a girl. ≈ Она копия своей матери в детстве. б) дубликат, дублет ∙ Syn: twin, counterpart, duplicate, replica, clone, spitting image
4) мн.;
спорт парная игра( в теннисе, настольном теннисе) ;
двойная неправильная подача( в теннисе) mixed doubles ≈ игра смешанных пар
5) театр. а) актер, исполняющий в пьесе две роли б) дублер
6) воен. беглый, сдвоенный шаг to advance at the double ≈ наступать бегом at the double ≈ мигом, бегом
7) а) дупель (в домино) б) бильярд дуплет в) карт. заявка на удвоение взятки (в бридже)
8) а) петля( преследуемого зайца или другой дичи) Syn: reversal б) изгиб( реки) в) хитрость, уловка to give (smb.) the double ≈ улизнуть, ускользнуть (с помощью какой-л. хитрости) to come the double ≈ действовать, вести себя уклончиво, ненадежно или коварно to put a double on ≈ надуть( кого-л.)
2. прил.
1) двойной (в два раза больший), удвоенный;
усиленный double feature амер. ≈ двойной сеанс, программа из двух полнометражных фильмов double whisky ≈ двойное виски The workers receive double pay for working on Sundays. ≈ Рабочие получили двойную плату за работу в воскресенье. double brush ≈ язвительное замечание double dipping ≈ двойной источник дохода Syn: twice as much, twice as great
2) а) двойной (состоящий из двух частей) ;
парный, сдвоенный, спаренный double bed ≈ двуспальная кровать The house has double windows in the dining room. ≈ В столовой были двойные окна. Syn: paired, twin, two-part б) двойной (предназначенный для двоих) We sleep in a double bed. ≈ Мы спали в двуспальной кровати. Syn: meant for two, accommodating two
3) двойной, двоякий, двойственный serving a double function ≈ выполняющий двойную функцию Syn: dual, twofold
4) двойственный;
двуличный, лживый;
двусмысленный to engage in double dealing ≈ вести двойную игру His statement had a double meaning. ≈ Его заявление было двусмысленно. double game ≈ двойная игра;
двуличие, лицемерие Syn: two-faced, two-sided, hypocritical, deceitful;
twofold in character
5) бот. махровый double roses ≈ махровые розы
3. гл.
1) а) удваивать to double the velocity (weight) ≈ удвоить скорость (вес) That new stock has doubled my income. ≈ Эти новые акции удвоили мои доходы. to double the work ≈ сделать двойную работу Syn: make twice as great, multiply by two, increase twofold б) воен. удваивать ряды, колонны;
двигаться беглым шагом в) муз. удваивать (звук), добавлять (тот же звук) на октаву выше или ниже г) удваиваться;
быть вдвое больше
2) а) шахм. сдваивать пешки (ставить их на одну вертикаль друг за другом) б) бильярд бить шар дуплетом в) карт. удвоить заявку (в бридже)
3) а) подшивать дополнительный слой( в одежде) б) покрывать дополнительной обшивкой (судно и т. п.)
4) а) сгибать, складывать вдвое;
сгибаться, складываться His knees doubled up under him. ≈ У него подогнулись колени. Syn: fold б) сжимать( руку, кулак) Syn: clench
2.
5) а) служить для чего-л. другого The indoors basketball court doubled for dances on week-ends. ≈ Баскетбольный зал по субботам использовался для танцев. to double for ≈ одновременно служить для чего-л. другого б) замещать Who will double for the secretary while he is on holiday? ≈ Кто будет замещать секретаря, пока он в отпуске? I'll double for you in the committee meeting. ≈ Я заменю тебя на собрании. в) делать что-л. дополнительно, по совместительству;
действовать в качестве двойного агента The gardener doubled as the chauffeur. ≈ Садовник работал по совместительству шофером. I doubled for the Russians right from the beginning. ≈ Я был двойным агентом для русских с самого начала.
6) а) театр. дублировать роль;
исполнять в пьесе две роли He's doubling the parts of a servant and a country labourer. ≈ Он исполняет роль слуги и роль батрака. б) играть на двух или более музыкальных инструментах A clarinetist would double on tenor sax. ≈ Кларнетист играл еще на теноровом саксофоне.
7) а) мор. огибать( мыс) б) делать изгиб (о реке) в) делать петлю( о преследуемом звере)
8) ускользать, избегать skill in doubling all the changes of life ≈ умение ускользать от всех жизненных невзгод Syn: elude ∙ double as double back double in brass double over double up double upon
4. нареч.
1) вдвое, вдвойне, дважды He sees double. ид. ≈ У него двоится в глазах. (о пьяном) Syn: twice, doubly
2) вдвоем, парой ride double Syn: both, two, the two together
3) воен. ускоренным шагом;
бегом двойное количество - to take the * of what is due взять вдвое больше, чем положено - to sell smth. for * what it costs продать что-л. за двойную цену /вдвое дороже/ дубликат;
дублет (устаревшее) копия прототип, прообраз двойник (театроведение) актер, исполняющий в пьесе две роли (театроведение) дублер (кинематографический) дублер, заменяющий основного исполнителя в некоторых сценах дупель (домино) дуплет (бильярд) ;
двойной удар (охота) дублет, дуплет парная игра (теннис) - mixed *s игра двух смешанных пар двойка (гребля;
тж. * scull) (спортивное) два выигрыша или два проигрыша подряд двойное пари( на скачках или других состязаниях) беглый шаг - at the * быстро - to advance at the * продвигаться ускоренным шагом;
наступать бегом - to break into the * перейти на ускоренный шаг, пойти ускоренным шагом - at the *! (военное) бегом марш! петля (преследуемого животного) увертка, уловка, хитрость петля, изгиб, поворот( реки) складка;
сгиб комната на двоих (астрономия) двойная звезда > to give smb. the * улизнуть от кого-л. двойной, удвоенный;
сдвоенный;
состоящий из двух частей - * bottom двойное дно - * track двойная колея - * window окно с двойной рамой - * bed двуспальная кровать - * sharp( музыкальное) дубль-диез - * flat (музыкальное) дубль-бемоль - a gun with a * barrel двуствольное ружье - a knife with a * edge обоюдоострый нож - to give a * knock at the door постучать в дверь два раза - * image (телевидение) раздвоенное изображение - * exposure( кинематографический) двойная экспозиция;
сочетание двух изображений в одном кинокадре - * feature programme( кинематографический) показ двух полнометражных фильмов в каждом сеансе - * bill представление из двух пьес - * sessions двусменные занятия( в школах) - * tooth коренной зуб - * consonants геминаты, удвоенные согласные - * stress (фонетика) двойное ударение - * march! (военное) ускоренным /беглым/ шагом марш!, бегом марш! (команда) - * circuit line (электротехника) двухцепная линия - * conductor( электротехника) расщепленный провод( состоящий из двух отдельных проводов) - * time! бегом марш! (команда) - * salt (химическое) двойная соль - * cropping( сельскохозяйственное) одновременное культивирование двух культур;
два урожая в год - * check( шахматное) двойной шах - * arm bar сковывающий захват двух рук (борьба) - * bind двойной захват оружия (фехтование) - * stem /brake/ (спортивное) торможение плугом (лыжи) - * touches( спортивное) обоюдные удары /уколы/ (фехтование) - * envelopment( военное) двойной охват парный - * harness парная упряжь;
супружество, брак;
узы брака - * sentry парный сторожевой пост двойной, двоякий - * advantage двоякая выгода - * service двойная услуга - * cause две причины - * standard двойные мерки, двойные стандарты (разное применение законов по отношению к мужчине и женщине в одинаковых ситуациях) двойной;
вдвое больший;
удвоенный;
усиленный - * blanket двойное одеяло - * the number вдвое большее /удвоенное/ число - * speed удвоенная скорость - * work двойная работа - * burden of women двойная нагрузка женщин - his income is * what it was его доходы возросли вдвое - he is * her age он вдвое старше ее двусмысленный - to have a * meaning /significance/ быть двусмысленным двуличный, двойственный;
двойной - * conduct двуличное поведение - * game двойная игра;
лицемерие - to play a * game вести двойную игру, лицемерить;
двурушничать - * agent двойной агент, "слуга двух господ" - * traitor дважды предатель - to wear a * face двурушничать, лицемерить - to live /to lead/ a * life жить двойной жизнью (музыкальное) = duple;
звучащий на октаву ниже (ботаника) махровый - * flower махровый цветок вдвое, вдвойне - * as bright вдвое ярче - to pay * платить вдвое дороже - to pay * the meter заплатить вдвое больше, чем по показаниям счетчика - to be * the length of smth. быть вдвое длиннее чего-л. - bent * with pain скорчившись /согнувшись пополам/ от боли - to fold a sheet of paper * сложить лист бумаги пополам вдвоем;
парой, попарно - to ride * ехать вдвоем (на одной лошади) - to sleep * спать вдвоем > he sees * у него двоится в глазах удваивать;
увеличивать вдвое - to * one's stake удвоить ставку - to * one's offer предложить вдвое больше удваиваться;
возрастать, увеличиваться вдвое - the population *d население увеличилось в два раза (военное) сдваивать (ряды) быть вдвое больше, превосходить вдвое - our force *s that of the enemy наши силы вдвое превосходят силы противника (театроведение) (кинематографический) исполнять две роли - to * the parts of two characters исполнять роли двух персонажей (театроведение) (кинематографический) выступать в той же роли, быть дублером (кинематографический) дублировать замещать - to * for smb. выполнять чьи-л. функции бить шар дуплетом (бильярд) сгибать, складывать вдвое (часто * up) - to * a blanket сложить вдвое одеяло - to * one's fists сжать кулаки сгибаться, складываться делать изгиб (морское) огибать, обходить - to * a cape обогнуть мыс подбивать;
подшивать или подкладывать еще один слой;
обшивать, делать обшивку ( разговорное) вселять второго жильца, уплотнять;
помещать второго пассажира в то же купе, в ту же каюту - I was *d with a sick passenger ко мне( в купе, в каюту) пометили больного пассажира (военное) двигаться беглым шагом;
бежать запутывать след, делать петли (часто о звере) ;
сбивать со следа - to * on smb. сбить кого-л. со следа (устаревшее) хитрить, обманывать, вилять ~ воен. беглый шаг;
to advance at the double наступать бегом;
at the double мигом, бегом ~ воен. беглый шаг;
to advance at the double наступать бегом;
at the double мигом, бегом double театр. актер, исполняющий в пьесе две роли ~ воен. беглый шаг;
to advance at the double наступать бегом;
at the double мигом, бегом ~ вдвойне, вдвое ~ вдвоем;
to ride double ехать вдвоем на одной лошади;
he sees double у него двоится в глазах (о пьяном) ~ воен. двигаться беглым шагом ~ двойник ~ двойное количество ~ двойной, сдвоенный;
парный;
double chin двойной подбородок;
double bed двуспальная кровать ~ двойной ~ двойственный, двуличный;
двусмысленный;
double game двойная игра;
двуличие, лицемерие;
to go in for (или to engage in) double dealing вести двойную игру ~ двоякий ~ делать изгиб (о реке) ~ дубликат, дублет ~ театр. дублировать роль ~ театр. дублер ~ замещать ~ запутывать след, делать петли (о преследуемом звере) ~ изгиб (реки) ~ театр. исполнять в пьесе две роли;
he's doubling the parts of a servant and a country labourer он исполняет роль слуги и роль батрака ~ крутой поворот( преследуемого зверя) ;
петля (зайца) ~ бот. махровый ~ мор. огибать (мыс) ~ pl спорт. парные игры (напр., в теннисе) ;
mixed doubles игра смешанных пар (каждая из мужчины и женщины) ~ парный ~ прототип ~ сдвоенный ~ сжимать( кулак) ~ складывать вдвое ~ состоящий из двух частей ~ увеличивать вдвое ~ удваивать(ся) ;
сдваивать;
to double the work сделать двойную работу;
to double (for smth.) одновременно служить (для чего-л.) другого ~ удваивать(ся) ;
сдваивать;
to double the work сделать двойную работу;
to double (for smth.) одновременно служить (для чего-л.) другого ~ удваивать ~ удвоенный;
усиленный;
double whisky двойное виски ~ удвоенный ~ хитрость ~ back запутывать след (о преследуемом звере) ~ back убегать обратно по собственным следам ~ двойной, сдвоенный;
парный;
double chin двойной подбородок;
double bed двуспальная кровать ~ brush перен. разг. язвительное замечание ~ двойной, сдвоенный;
парный;
double chin двойной подбородок;
double bed двуспальная кровать ~ feature амер. театр. представление по расширенной программе ~ двойственный, двуличный;
двусмысленный;
double game двойная игра;
двуличие, лицемерие;
to go in for (или to engage in) double dealing вести двойную игру ~ in подогнуть;
загнуть внутрь ~ speed удвоенная скорость ~ удваивать(ся) ;
сдваивать;
to double the work сделать двойную работу;
to double (for smth.) одновременно служить (для чего-л.) другого ~ up скрючить(ся) ;
сгибаться;
doubled up with pain скрючившийся от боли;
his knees doubled up under him колени у него подгибались ~ upon мор. обойти, окружить (неприятельский флот) ~ удвоенный;
усиленный;
double whisky двойное виски ~ up скрючить(ся) ;
сгибаться;
doubled up with pain скрючившийся от боли;
his knees doubled up under him колени у него подгибались ~ двойственный, двуличный;
двусмысленный;
double game двойная игра;
двуличие, лицемерие;
to go in for (или to engage in) double dealing вести двойную игру ~ вдвоем;
to ride double ехать вдвоем на одной лошади;
he sees double у него двоится в глазах (о пьяном) ~ театр. исполнять в пьесе две роли;
he's doubling the parts of a servant and a country labourer он исполняет роль слуги и роль батрака ~ up скрючить(ся) ;
сгибаться;
doubled up with pain скрючившийся от боли;
his knees doubled up under him колени у него подгибались the indoors basketball court doubled for dances on week-ends баскетбольный зал по субботам использовался для танцев ~ pl спорт. парные игры (напр., в теннисе) ;
mixed doubles игра смешанных пар (каждая из мужчины и женщины) ~ вдвоем;
to ride double ехать вдвоем на одной лошади;
he sees double у него двоится в глазах (о пьяном)
См. также в других словарях:
costs — Ⅰ. costs [plural] (also legal costs) ► LAW the money that helps pay for the lawyers and the court in a legal case, usually paid by the person or organization that has lost the case: »They were fined $50,000 and ordered to pay $10,000 in costs. →… … Financial and business terms
increase — ▪ I. increase in‧crease 2 [ˈɪŋkriːs] noun [countable, uncountable] 1. a rise in amount, number, or degree: increase in • There was an increase in delays of deliveries of supplies. increase be on the increase • Demand for low cost housing is on… … Financial and business terms
costs — A pecuniary allowance, made to the successful party (and recoverable from the losing party), for his expenses in prosecuting or defending an action or a distinct proceeding within an action. In federal courts, costs are allowed as a matter of… … Black's law dictionary
costs — A pecuniary allowance, made to the successful party (and recoverable from the losing party), for his expenses in prosecuting or defending an action or a distinct proceeding within an action. In federal courts, costs are allowed as a matter of… … Black's law dictionary
increase */*/*/ — I UK [ɪnˈkriːs] / US [ɪnˈkrɪs] verb Word forms increase : present tense I/you/we/they increase he/she/it increases present participle increasing past tense increased past participle increased Other ways of saying increase: be/go up to increase:… … English dictionary
increase, costs of — In old English law, it was formerly a practice with the jury to award to the successful party in an action the nominal sum of 40s. only for his costs; and the court assessed by their own officer the actual amount of the successful party s costs;… … Black's law dictionary
costs of increase — In old English law, it was formerly a practice with the jury to award to the successful party in an action the nominal sum of 40s. only for his costs; and the court assessed by their own officer the actual amount of the successful party s costs;… … Black's law dictionary
increase, costs of — In old English law, it was formerly a practice with the jury to award to the successful party in an action the nominal sum of 40s. only for his costs; and the court assessed by their own officer the actual amount of the successful party s costs;… … Black's law dictionary
costs of increase — In old English law, it was formerly a practice with the jury to award to the successful party in an action the nominal sum of 40s. only for his costs; and the court assessed by their own officer the actual amount of the successful party s costs;… … Black's law dictionary
increase — in|crease1 [ ın kris ] verb *** intransitive to become larger in amount or number: Our costs increased dramatically over the last decade. increase by: The population has increased by 15 percent. increase in: The club has been increasing in… … Usage of the words and phrases in modern English
increase, affidavit of — Affidavit of payment of increased costs, produced on taxation … Black's law dictionary